Machine for upsetting eye-bars



(No Model.)

W. CGOKE 8v D. CARLOUGrH.v

MACHINE FOR UPSBTTING EYE BARS.

Pattented Oct. 2, 1888.

A iw 4 W3 j Vg a-- ,py-TLA@ A "1" 6L ,5 f 1f, i 1; i i", \/7[ liz" l 't 6L C \B /Uu j( a" l f I LA* ,-L -Jf Wv'vzs ea nfanara lirica@r WATTS COOKE AND DANIEL OARIJOUG'H, OF PATERSON, NEV JERSEY.

MACHINE FOR UPSETTING EYE-BARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 390.458, dated October 2, 1888.

Application filed November 8, 1887. Serial No. 254.1911. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Wnr'rs Coonn and DANIEL CARLoUeH, both of Paterson, Passaic county, in the State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Machines for Upsetting Eye-Bars, of which the following is a specification.

It is common to make eye-bars to serve as ties in roofs, bridges, dre., by rolling the bar of uniform section throughout and afterward thickening each end by the process known as upsetting. We have in patents to us dated October 13, 1885, No. 328,290, and July 13, 1886, No. 345,573, set forth mechanism intended for this purpose.

Our present invention is an important improvement in the same general direction. We provide exchangeable cheeks, which allow the same bed and the same upper and lower dies to serve for upsetting bars having a considerable variation in the width and thickness. One pair of removable cheeks is applied at the neck, the junction of the eye with the main body, and serve to shape that important portion of the bar. By exchanging these cheeks for others of greater or less width we adapt the machine for treating bars of different widths. The space at each side for the eye to widen need not be varied. A sufiicient width of space may be allowed for the widest eye. lVhen in treating a smaller bar there is not sufficient metal to lill the space, no mischief results. The subsequent treatment in the shapingdies corrects all irregularities in the form. X/Ve employa pairof removable cheeks at the other end of the eye farthest from the neck. These, like the cheeks at the neck, are exchangeable, and will allow a similar range in the widths of the bars being treated. The function of these end eheeksis peculiar. They apply each side of the hot bar and support that portion adj aeent to 'the end as it is driven forward by the header. In other words, instead of leaving the entire length of the iron which is t0 be upset without lateral support during the whole upsetting period, our present invention supports a considerable portion of the metal which is to be upset by these end cheeks.

There is in our present invention a portion of the metal left unsupported laterally; but it is only such port-ion of thelength as the eyeis to finally maintain when the upsetting is completed-that is to say, if twelve inches of metal is to be upset, so as to form an eye only six inches long, our former plan would have left the whole twelve inches without lateral support during the entire upsetting operation. Our present invention, ou the contrary,leaves only six inches--the six immediately adjacent to the neck-thus laterally unsupported, and supports the six inches nearest the extreme end of the bar. Then in the act of upsetting the header moves strongly inward and upsets the metal, the stock at the end of the bar and adjacent thereto is effectually supported laterally. It has no other course than to move endwise under the strong force impressed by the header. The portion which is unsupported near the neck is allowed to spread, and as more and more of the portion which originally lay between the end cheeks is by the upsetting movement forced into the space which is to form the eye and becomes liberated this portion of the metal is successively spread until the whole eye is shaped.

I Our experiments indicate that the metal is less likely to buckle or double sidewise because of its being thus supported laterally near the end duringthe early portion of the upsetting operation.

rlhe accompanying drawings form a part of this specification and represent what we eon- Sider the best means of earryin g out the invert tion.

Figure l is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a een tral longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 3 is a plan view with the top casting and the accompanying slide which serves as the upper die removed. Fig. 4 is a section on the line x ai, looking in the direct-ion ofthe arrows in Figs. 1, 2, and 3., Fig. 5 is a section on the line y y in the same igures,'looking in the same direetion.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where they 'OCCLIIZ A is a bed-casting, certain portions of which will be designated when necessary by addi tional marks, as A' A2.

slide, B, which is capable of traversing end- Wise in the casting A, and is formed with a strong upright, B', which we will term the rIhe bottom die is a IOO headeiz 7 Its lunction is to act forcibly against the end of the heated bar and upset it. At the end of the bottoni die, opposite the header, is

an extension or tongue, Bl, which, as the upsetting progresses, moves between elevated portions A of the bed and forms a support for the under portion of the bar adjacent to the neck. The bed is provided with stout uprights A2 A3, which take hold ofthe main top casting, D, and allow it to only move up and down. This top casting, D, is moved vertically by a plunger, E, of a hydraulic press mounted above. (Not represented.)

G is a slide, which serves as the upper die. It is capable ol moving` endwise during the upsetting operation, being connected to the` top casting by a longitudinal rib, G, of dovetail section, formed on its upper face and engaged in a corresponding groove, d, planed or otherwise produced in the base of D.

C C are the neck-cheeks. Each is provided with an offset, C",wliich engages in a transverse groove, a, in the portion A ofthe bed. Vhen the top casting, D, and the upper die, G, are raised, these cheeks C C C C may be easily taken out and others may be introduced, thus readily adapting the machine to treat wider or narrower bars.

K K are the end cheeks, adapted to apply against the edges of that portion of the bar which is to be driven inward upon the other parts to form the eye. These end cheeks, like the neck-cheeks C, may be removed and exchanged, substituting wider or narrower, longer or shorter, end cheeks, according to the width of the iron being treated and the length of the eye which is to be finally produced. One end of each end cheek, K, is properly formed to shape the adjacent portion of the eye. The other end reaches outward, as indicated by K, and forward, as indicated by K2. There is also a corresponding arm, which reaches outward from K, as indicated by K3, and rearward, as indicated by K". These arms take hold loosely of the stout projection As and keep the cheek in the required position. They hold the cheek against being displaced either endwise or inward by any force.

The operation of all the parts will now be understood. The hot bar M may be introduced by an endwise thrust while the top casting, D, and the attached upper slide, Gr, are being depressed. Vhenthe bar M has abutted against the header B, and the top slide, G, is firmly pressed down into position, the ram R, driven by a steam-piston, (not represented,) moves endwise against the header B and commences to upset the bar M. In this operation a considerable length of the heated bar is supported laterally by the end cheeks, K K. The upsetting all takes place a little farther down. The length of the bar, which is unsupported laterally at this point, is so small that the bar is certain to thicken properly without buckling to either side. As the upsetting operation proceeds and more and more of the hot metal is thrust from between the end cheeks, K K, into' the trce space it is successively spread laterally, andv when the header stops, which is with its front edge flush with the working ends of the end cheeks, K K, all the metal at the end ofthe bar is properly compressed into the eye, and all the parts are allowed to return to their original positions. The eye-bar is removed by lifting it out, andthe machine is ready to treat a fresh bar.

Modifications may be made in the details without departing from the principle or saeriticing the advantages of the invention. 7e can vary the form of the working ends ofthe neck-cheeks C C, and also of the end cheeks, K K, so as to give the eye an octagonal forni instead of the approximately circular one indicated. The working-face of the header B may be concave to correspond to the regular contour of the eye. There may be any ordinary or suitable means to hold the main body of the bar M during the upsetting operation.

XVe propose to provide a stock ot' neckcheeks G C and end cheeks, K K, of different widths to treat different widths of bars. Ve may also provide these cheeks of difterent thicknesses to better treat bars of corresponding thickness. There is less necessity for this, however, because the metal will always be sufticiently guided by cheeks which are thin enough to adapt them for the thinnest bars which are likely to be treated. When thicker ones are treated they may project above the upper surfaces of the cheeks. No mischief will result from a considerable difference in thickness.

The proper motions of the several parts may be induced by other means than those indicated. It is not essential that there be a steam-piston to operate the ram B and drive the header, or a hydraulic press to operate the top casting, A. It is sufficient that the ram R move horizont-ally at the proper time with sufficient force, and that the top casting, D, be held downward with suliicient force to restrain the thickening ot1 the bar and compel the upsetting action to distend it laterally, and that it have a capacity to subsequently raise the parts to allow the removal of the eye-bar with its nearly-completed eye.

It will be understood that the eye is subsequently treated at the same heat by shaping with pressure in a die of suitable form'and punching or otherwise producing an accurately-formed hole for the transverse pin.

IVe claim as our inventionl. In a machine for upsetting eye-bars, the end cheeks, K K, and header B', arranged as shown, to allow the hotbar to be received and guided during` the upsetting operation, as herein specified.

2. In a machine for upsetting eye-bars, in combination with the base A, having the uprights A, the removable cheeks K, each having arms K K2 and K3 K, embracing said uprights, as and for the purpose specified.

3. The bed A, with elevations A and up- IOO rights A2 A3, in combination with the top oastday of October, 1887, in the presence of two ing,D, and means,E,foroperatngit vertically, Y subscribing` witnesses. and with top die, G, bottom die, B, header B,

and tongue B2, and with the four exchangeable :gv @(QEUGH cheeks C C and K K, all arranged for joint operation, as herein specified. Witnesses:

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands at Paterson, New Jersey, this 29th WM. M. SMITH, WEsLEY BUOKLEY. 

